http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/us/AP-US-I...agewanted=printDecember 6, 2006Highlights of Iraq Report
By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
Filed at 4:50 p.m. ETHighlights of the Iraq Study Group report:-- U.S. policy and diplomacy:The commission warned that ''current U.S. policy is not working,'' and said America's ability is diminishing to influence a situation in Iraq that it called ''grave and deteriorating.'' It recommended a diplomatic offensive to quickly engage Syria, Iran and the leaders of insurgents in negotiations on Iraq's future. The report also suggested the challenging goal of resolving the Arab-Israeli conflict to ease hostility throughout the Middle East.
The panel framed a carrot-and-stick approach to hasten progress by the Iraqi government. It said milestones must be set to measure improvements in security, governance and reconciliation, and said the U.S. should make it clear that if progress is not made American support will be reduced. As an added incentive, the panel said the U.S. should provide $5 billion a year in economic assistance, better coordinate humanitarian and other aid and encourage other countries to help.
-- U.S. military:While emphasizing there is no solely military solution to the war, the panel laid out a wide range of options for the armed services. The commission rebuffed proposals to either immediately withdraw U.S. forces or dramatically increase troop levels by as much as 200,000, saying more Americans could increase the violence but too much is at stake to abandon the country. There are about 140,000 U.S. troops there now.
The commission instead endorsed a short-term surge in troops devoted to training and equipping Iraqi security forces. It suggested increasing the number of trainers from 3,000-4,000 currently to up to 20,000 -- with the goal of withdrawing the bulk of U.S. combat troops by early 2008.
The panel also spoke of what many critics have suggested is a worsening relationship between the military services and their civilian leaders. The successor to Defense Secretary Donald H. Rumsfeld should make senior military officers feel free to offer unvarnished advice, the report said.
-- Iraq's economy:While warning that ''the period of large U.S.-funded reconstruction projects is over,'' the commission said the U.S. should work faster to implement assistance programs in Iraq, and give U.S. officials more flexibility to quickly fund or eliminate programs. The report said oil production is a key to Iraq's success, and it encouraged greater international investment in the oil industry, its management and its security.
-- Intelligence failures:The panel said the Pentagon and CIA have too few people with the language skills and cultural expertise to operate effectively in Iraq, and said that problem has hampered intelligence gathering. It said that ''all of our efforts in Iraq, military and civilian, are handicapped by Americans' lack of language and cultural understanding.''
For example, the panel noted that there are fewer than 10 Defense Intelligence Agency analysts with more than two years of experience in analyzing the insurgency. Government agencies, the report said, must have a better personnel system that keeps experienced people on the job.
The commission said the CIA must put more people in Iraq to help train the Iraqis in intelligence gathering and develop a counterterrorism intelligence center to analyze data on the insurgency. The panel said intelligence officials have underreported the violence in Iraq, and need to change how the data are gathered in order to get a better understanding of how the insurgents are working.
-- Afghanistan:The commission returned to the start of the war on terror, saying the U.S. must not lose sight of the threat in Afghanistan. If the Taliban gain more control there, the panel said, that could provide al-Qaida ''the political space to conduct terrorist operations'' and further destabilize the region. It recommended that combat forces moved out of Iraq could be used to provide additional military support to Afghanistan.